洪hóng水shuǐ

洪hóng水shuǐ是shì因yīn为wèi降jiàng雨yǔ过guò多duō或huò强qiáng度dù过guò大dà引yǐn起qǐ江jiāng河hé决jué堤dī、山shān洪hóng爆bào发fā、淹yān没mò田tián地dì、毁huǐ坏huài建jiàn筑zhù、人rén员yuán伤shāng亡wáng的de自zì然rán灾zāi害hài。它tā往wǎng往wǎng发fā生shēng在zài人rén口kǒu稠chóu密mì、江jiāng河hé湖hú泊pō集jí中zhōng、降jiàng雨yǔ充chōng沛pèi的de地dì方fang。中zhōng国guó、孟mèng加jiā拉lā国guó是shì世shì界jiè上shang水shuǐ灾zāi最zuì频pín繁fán、最zuì肆sì虐nüè的de地dì方fang。

洪hóng水shuǐ发fā生shēng的de原yuán因yīn

洪hóng水shuǐ大dà多duō发fā生shēng在zài降jiàng雨yǔ量liàng多duō的de时shí候hòu。当dāng雨yǔ水shuǐ过guò多duō时shí，湖hú泊pō就jiù不bù能néng容róng纳nà多duō余yú的de水shuǐ，这zhè就jiù成chéng了le洪hóng水shuǐ的de来lái源yuán。河hé流liú、湖hú泊pō、海hǎi边biān和hé水shuǐ坝bà等děng水shuǐ量liàng充chōng足zú的de地dì方fang都dōu有yǒu可kě能néng发fā生shēng洪hóng水shuǐ，湖hú泊pō水shuǐ位wèi过guò高gāo、河hé流liú堤dī坝bà的de溃kuì烂làn和hé水shuǐ坝bà事shì故gù都dōu有yǒu可kě能néng带dài来lái洪hóng水shuǐ。

卡kǎ特tè里lǐ娜nà飓jù风fēng造zào成chéng新xīn奥ào尔ěr良liáng被bèi洪hóng水shuǐ淹yān没mò

小知识

洪hóng水shuǐ分fēn为wéi雨yǔ洪hóng水shuǐ、山shān洪hóng、泥ní石shí流liú、融róng雪xuě洪hóng水shuǐ、溃kuì坝bà洪hóng水shuǐ等děng。

洪hóng水shuǐ的de危wēi害hài

洪hóng水shuǐ不bù仅jǐn会huì对duì自zì然rán环huán境jìng带dài来lái严yán重zhòng的de危wēi害hài，而ér且qiě还hái威wēi胁xié着zhe我wǒ们men的de饮yǐn用yòng水shuǐ来lái源yuán。洪hóng水shuǐ流liú经jīng屋wū顶dǐng、路lù面miàn、农nóng场chǎng和hé草cǎo地dì时shí，会huì把bǎ肥féi料liào、杀shā虫chóng剂jì、垃lā圾jī等děng冲chōng到dào地dì表biǎo水shuǐ和hé地dì下xià水shuǐ中zhōng，使shǐ地dì下xià水shuǐ遭zāo到dào威wēi胁xié。

洪hóng水shuǐ淹yān没mò道dào路lù

孟mèng加jiā拉lā国guó洪hóng水shuǐ

在zài孟mèng加jiā拉lā国guó，1944年nián发fā生shēng的de特tè大dà洪hóng水shuǐ淹yān死sǐ、饿è死sǐ300万wàn人rén，震zhèn惊jīng世shì界jiè。1988年nián再zài次cì发fā生shēng骇hài人rén洪hóng水shuǐ，淹yān没mò1/3以yǐ上shàng的de国guó土tǔ，使shǐ3000万wàn人rén无wú家jiā可kě归guī。洪hóng水shuǐ使shǐ这zhè个gè国guó家jiā成chéng为wéi全quán世shì界jiè最zuì贫pín穷qióng的de国guó家jiā之zhī一yī。

建jiàn造zào大dà坝bà

人rén们men利lì用yòng洪hóng水shuǐ巨jù大dà的de能néng量liàng，建jiàn造zào了le水shuǐ坝bà。水shuǐ坝bà可kě以yǐ防fáng洪hóng，还hái可kě以yǐ发fā电diàn，灌guàn溉gài庄zhuāng稼jià，进jìn行xíng航háng运yùn等děng。世shì界jiè上shang最zuì早zǎo的de水shuǐ坝bà是shì埃āi及jí人rén建jiàn造zào的de。当dāng今jīn世shì界jiè最zuì大dà的de水shuǐ坝bà是shì中zhōng国guó建jiàn造zào的de三sān峡xiá大dà坝bà。

三sān峡xiá大dà坝bà